# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins are essential personal care products used by women during menstruation. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

The primary raw materials used in the production of sanitary napkins include:

– Top Sheet: This is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It is usually made from non-woven fabric or perforated film, which allows for quick absorption and a dry surface.
– Absorbent Core: The core is responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is typically composed of wood pulp, superabsorbent polymers (SAP), or a combination of both.
– Back Sheet: This layer prevents leakage and is usually made from polyethylene film or a breathable material that allows moisture to escape while keeping the fluid inside.
– Adhesive: Adhesive strips are used to secure the napkin in place. These are made from pressure-sensitive adhesives that are safe for skin contact.

## Properties of Raw Materials

Each component of a sanitary napkin has specific properties that contribute to the overall functionality and comfort of the product:

– Top Sheet: The top sheet must be soft, hypoallergenic, and allow for quick liquid penetration. It should also be breathable to prevent irritation.
– Absorbent Core: The core should have high absorbency and retention capabilities. Superabsorbent polymers, for instance, can absorb many times their weight in liquid, making them highly effective.
– Back Sheet: The back sheet should be impermeable to liquids to prevent leaks, yet breathable to reduce the risk of skin irritation and discomfort.
– Adhesive: The adhesive must be strong enough to keep the napkin in place but gentle enough to be removed without causing skin damage or leaving residue.

## Environmental Considerations

With increasing awareness of environmental issues, the choice of raw materials for sanitary napkins is also influenced by their environmental impact. Biodegradable and eco-friendly materials are becoming more popular. For example, some manufacturers are using organic cotton for the top sheet and biodegradable films for the back sheet.

## Conclusion

The composition and properties of raw materials used in sanitary napkins play a vital role in determining their effectiveness, comfort, and environmental impact. By understanding these factors, manufacturers can produce better products, and consumers can make informed choices that suit their needs and values.